The subfamily Arundinoideae encompasses a diverse group of grasses, including giant canes, reeds, and various allies, primarily found in wetlands and riparian zones worldwide. Members of this subfamily are characterized by their tall, robust stems, often reaching heights of several meters, which can form dense stands that provide critical habitats for wildlife. Common species include the giant reed (Arundo donax) and common reed (Phragmites australis), both known for their feathery flower spikes and ability to thrive in moist, often disturbed environments. These plants play an essential ecological role, contributing to soil stabilization, water filtration, and providing shelter and food for various bird species and other wildlife. Additionally, many Arundinoideae species are utilized by humans for various purposes, including construction, crafts, and erosion control. Their fast growth and ability to colonize disturbed areas make them both valuable and, in some cases, invasive, leading to challenges in managing their spread in certain ecosystems. Overall, the subfamily Arundinoideae is crucial for biodiversity and ecological health in wetland areas.